Copyright+and+Educational+Fair+Use

toc As teachers we must all know the laws of copyright and follow them so that our students learn through our modeling. This professional development session will help you with your understanding of copyright for your own personal and professional use but to also help you with how to convey this important lesson to your students every day through your particular discipline. Please go to our other wiki page on Copyright in the Classroom for resources to use directly with your students in the classroom.

Today, we would specifically like to prepare you to make the shift into accumulating your own digital library as our district moves away from the purchase of physical textbooks. This session will assist you as you begin to make your own eBooks and/or share eResources through social networking tools in the classroom.

For questions after this session feel free to contact your Technology Support Teacher for further assistance.
 * K-6 - Lauri Brady
 * 7-12 - Carol Roth

=Agenda=
 * **1:00-1:10** Introduction
 * importance of copyright diligence in your collections (i.e. let's not get sued)
 * format options for your eResources
 * everyone join the Diigo group for CYSD Digital Citizenship - information about copyright and plagiarism will be shared with one another through this social bookmarking tool
 * **1:10-1:20** Copyright in general
 * how to protect your own works and appropriately use others
 * sharing of examples of copyrighted and public domain works
 * **1:20-1:30** Plagiarism vs. Copyright Infringement
 * Polleverywhere survey with examples of plagiarism and copyright infringement for participants to determine differences
 * **1:30-1:50** Fair Use in Education
 * fair use sample scenarios to practice
 * complete the Fair Use worksheet to evaluate use of materials for your classes
 * what's the big deal about making sure we don't break these laws?
 * **1:50-2:05** Copyright Friendly Resources for the Classroom
 * introduction of the many locations where teachers (and students) can find materials for legal classroom use and even public domain works that may go out into the public audience
 * **2:05-2:35** Exploration Time
 * begin to assemble digital resources for use in your classroom that you could use later to build an interactive eBook through iBooks Author or a dynamic social networking tool for your students
 * suggested social networking tool options: @Moodle, @My Big Campus, and Edmodo - to be the focus of the next in-service professional development
 * collect resources within your social networking tool or in folders on your desktop to organize your materials for future work
 * **2:35-3:00** Wrap-up
 * share some favorite resource discoveries with peers from your discipline in a small group session
 * preparation and planning for next professional development session:
 * continue collecting (and organizing) resources for moving forward for eResources implementation (focus on one complete unit)
 * select social networking tool or iBooks Author for your future format

= = =Copyright = Copyright is a way for people to protect their original work from others for a period of time (Copyright Basics, 2012). The types of things that can be copyrighted are: Anyone who wants to make sure their original work is protected is encouraged to apply for a copyright. A simple way to do that is to go to the U.S. Copyright Office to learn more and complete an on-line application for just $35. After a copyright expires (typically 70 years after the copyright holder's death) it is considered public domain and can be used freely by anyone interested in it. One of the best ways to gain legal use of copyrighted materials is to ask. In some instances the holder is happy to allow you to use their work. You will need to make sure you give plenty of time for the correspondence back and forth for this to occur, however.
 * Literary, musical and dramatic works.
 * Pantomimes and choreographic works.
 * Pictorial, graphic and sculptural works.
 * Sound recordings.
 * Motion pictures and other AV works.
 * Computer programs.
 * Compilations of works and derivative works.
 * Architectural works.

Still confused? Check out this website of the basics of copyright spelled out.

=Plagiarism vs. Copyright Infringement= No, they are not the same thing. Take a look at the website to test your knowledge of the differences. Plagiarism vs. Copyright Infringement: Do You Know the Difference?

In essence. plagiarism is defined by the Law.com Law Dictionaryas "taking the writings or literary concepts (a plot, characters, words) of another and selling and/or publishing them as one’s own product and copyright infringement is if you "reproduce, distribute, display, perform, or create a derivative work from something that somebody else created." (King, 2007) We often think of this as the written word but can be anything listed above as copyrightable.

=Fair Usemedia type="youtube" key="f-ifoHp6Y_A?rel=0" height="302" width="403" align="right"= The following four criteria (Fair Use, 2012) must be met in order for work to be considered a fair use in special situations such as in education. While fair use allows certain rights it does not substitute for getting permission from the artist or author of the original work.
 * 1) The purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes
 * 2) The nature of the copyrighted work
 * 3) The amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole
 * 4) The effect of the use upon the potential market for, or value of, the copyrighted work

Practice your evaluation of Fair Use here.

Evaluate your use of materials as being Fair Use or Copyright Infringement by competing this worksheet from the University of Massachusetts. Even proof of you thinking the use through can help to protect you if a lawsuit ever arises.

=What's the Big Deal?= The easier it is to access works, from the written word to videos, the harder it is to abide by copyright laws. In addition, as more work is being posted online it is easier for the creator(s) of the original work to find users who are infringing upon the laws that were put in place to protect them. When teachers make use of copyrighted materials to use in their classrooms under fair use that is supported by law, however, when teachers take other people's work and it becomes part of materials they give as a resource on the internet for anyone to use it now may become copyright infringement. There are many cases pending right now that relate to these issues and even more cease and desist letters being sent to stop unlawful use of works or a lawsuit will be forthcoming.

One such case focused on an issue amongst teachers (Bosch v. Ball-Kell and Rager, 2007). As teachers we often use any materials we can get our hands on but in this case one teacher was not happy about colleagues using her materials without her approval. She ended up losing the case but the message rang loud and clear. If it is not yours you had better get permission to use it otherwise you may be facing a lengthy legal battle.

In another case, Georgia State University has been battling with Cambridge University Press for four years (2008-2012) over whether the university has been negligent in creating and upholding policies relating to copyright in relation to student and faculty use of the publishing company's classroom materials. The publisher wants no monetary settlement over the lawsuit, merely a strong policy that is upheld by the university to shift the content of their work away from the blatant misuse of copyrighted classroom materials.

=Copyright Friendly Resources= Central York School District has invested in several sources for copyright friendly materials to make it easier for you and your students to create and share original work. In addition to subscriptions there are many excellent sources of materials that are categorized as "creative commons." Creative Commons is defined by //Social by Social// as:

"In the spirit of openness and sharing generally prevalent among social networkers, you will often find content labelled with this copyright license that allows you to re-use the material provided you provide an attribution..." The final type of resource we will want to tap into is public domain works. Some of these will be primary sources - materials that came directly from the original such as a recoding of a former slave as he remembers what life was like growing up as a slave. Other public domain materials are directly from the government, such as images from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. Another source of public domain works are materials that were formerly copyright protected but the copyright has since run out. Some examples include classic novels, classical music, or Shakespearean plays.

** Central York Subscriptions [[image:Screen Shot 2012-06-17 at 2.49.42 PM.png width="640" height="350" align="right" caption="iTunes U snapshot of some of their offerings"]] **
Soundzabound (music) Discovery Education Plus (video clips and images)
 * (see Lauri or Carol for log-in information)**

** Other Resources **
Creative Commons (images) Jamendo (music) iTunes U Library of Congress - Primary Sources Public Domain Works Creative Commons + Public Domain Mix in Wikimedia
 * all materials are Creative Commons licensed
 * videos, images, information
 * accessed through iTunes &/or via the iTunes U app
 * eBooks through Project Gutenberg
 * images and graphics from the US government
 * Google Life Photos

=YouTube...need to know= While YouTube has a lot of questionable content it is also a fantastic educational resource. Students are familiar with it and using it in the classroom is a great way to model proper use of a social resource. There are some very important things about YouTube that you need to know as you explore working with this educational tool.
 * 1) In our district YouTube is blocked for students, however, through My Big Campus you can give students access to a library of YouTube videos that have been cleared for viewing by students. If you do not find a video you are looking for in just a minute you can copy the URL of the YouTube video you want, paste it into the My Big Campus library, and it is now ready for you to share with your students.
 * 2) YouTube has it's own use policies that must be abided by. If you want to share a video with someone it is not acceptable to download it using any program or website. You may send the link in an email, post the link in a social networking tool to encourage others to view, or embed the video into a webpage legally. Anything else is plagiarism &/or copyright infringement and therefor not supported in our district.
 * 3) When you embed video you may mark in YouTube, before you copy the embed code, to not show related videos. This will cut down on the number of inappropriate links after viewing your chosen video.
 * 4) If you find a professor or professional of some sort that often posts relevant videos to your discipline you may want to subscribe to their YouTube Channel, if they have one. This will allow you to easily get back to all of their uploaded videos quickly and know that they are of good quality rather than doing a general search.

=Citations=
 * "Copyright Basics." //Purdue University Libraries//. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 June 2012. .
 * "Fair Use." U.S. Copyright Office. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 June 2012. .
 * King, Kristen. "Plagiarism vs. Copyright Infringement: Do You Know the Difference? | Inkthinker."//Inkthinker//. N.p., 8 May 2007. Web. 16 June 2012. .
 * "Plagiarism." //Legal Dictionary | Law.com// . N.p., n.d. Web. 16 June 2012. .